a. phosphate group, sugar, nitrogen base.
b. if it is DNA- deoxyribose sugar and if it is RNA- ribose sugar
c.Nitrogen base
d. Adenine, Gaunine, cytosine, Thymine.
Answer: Antimicrobial proteins.
Explanation:
Antimicrobial proteins are the type of proteins produced by the keratinocytes on the body surfaces. These proteins acts as the barrier and kills the microorganism which is trying to enter the body.
These are larger proteins containing more than 100 amino acids. They are often lytic in nature.
The cell membrane of the microbes is disrupted by the action of these amino acids or proteins on them.
Answer:
Artifical Selection OR Cross Pollination
Explanation:
If white roses and red roses are cross-bred by scientists, it would be artifical selection. If they were crossed in nature, it is called crossed pollination.
The reactions of glycolysis are made up of ten steps, out of the ten step three are irreversible, this is because, these reactions have large negative free energies The three steps that are irreversible are:
1. Phosphorylation of glucose.
2. Phosphorylation of glucose 6 phosphate and
3. Transfer of phosphate from phosphoenolpyruvate to ADP.
