<span>In earth science, erosion is the action of surface processes (such as water flow or wind) that remove soil, rock, or dissolved material from one location on the Earth's crust, then transport it away to another location.</span>
The Nullification Crisis<span> was a United States sectional political </span>crisis<span> in 1832–1837, during the presidency of Andrew Jackson, which involved a confrontation between </span>South Carolina<span> and the federal government.
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<span>One of the criticisms of the Whitehall Study it that the researchers did not adequately address the possibility that occupational and health differences were caused by underlying personality differences. The Whitehall study compared the morality rate of those that were in the highly stratified environment of the British Civil Service.</span>
Explanation:
Party organization
D. A group dedicated to electing the party’s candidates.
The "party" as an "organization" have a established national office and full time staffs of their own. These party are governed by their own sets of rules and laws. They also have party budgets to spend on election campaigns and meetings . The party organization have a dedicated group which pursues electoral victory.
Party in government
B. An alliance of current officeholders cooperating to shape public policy.
The "party in the government" includes elected officials those who represent themselves as party members (such as President and Congress). These leaders always take part in shaping and framing the public policies.
Party in electorate
A. Those voters who identify with the party and regularly vote for its nominees
The "party in electorate" are people who think themselves as party members but are not officially. These voters or people do not have any party membership cards. These voters regularly influences other to vote and they vote for their nominees.
C) a guide to use for studying