When you scratch a mosquito bite, you damage some cells. Damaged cells release histamine, which causes localized swelling. The s
2 answers:
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An action potential involves potassium ions moving <u>outside </u>the cell and sodium ions moving <u>inside </u>the cell.
<h3>how does it action potential work?</h3>Neurons have a negative concentration gradient most of the time, meaning there are more positively charged ions outside than inside the cell. This regular state of a negative concentration gradient is called resting membrane potential. During the resting membrane potential there are:
- more sodium ions
outside than inside the neuron
- more potassium ions
inside than outside the neuron
The concentration of ions isn’t static though! Ions are flowing in and out of the neuron constantly as the ions try to equalize their concentrations. The cell however maintains a fairly consistent negative concentration gradient (between -40 to -90 millivolts). How?
- The neuron cell membrane is super permeable to potassium ions, and so lots of potassium leaks out of the neuron through potassium leakage channels (holes in the cell wall).
- The neuron cell membrane is partially permeable to sodium ions, so sodium atoms slowly leak into the neuron through sodium leakage channels.
- The cell wants to maintain a negative resting membrane potential, so it has a pump that pumps potassium back into the cell and pumps sodium out of the cell at the same time.
Learn more about action potential
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Answer:
-1.9mL/min
Explanation:
The rate of O₂ production can be calculated by the formula
= ( Final volume - initial volume)/time(min).
From the graph provided and attached below, the rate of O₂ production or rate of photosynthesis at light intensity of 8 is about 3.75 mL/min.
The rate of O₂ production is taken as the rate of photosynthesis. It is expected to progressively increase from light intensity 0 as light intensity increases. However, at very high light intensity, the rate slows down as water becomes limiting and the stomata closes in order to conserve water.
Question in order
Experiment 2: Respiration in the Dark
Calculate the volume change for respiration in the dark. As you already saw from earlier questions,
oxygen production is fairly constant. You will not need to calculate the individual volume changes.
Just subtract the original volume at 00:00:00 from the final reading at 00:02:00. Record your answer
for use in a later question.
<em>Note: depending on when you started the timer there is a range of possible answers. Pick the answer that is closest to this</em>
What was the volume change for respiration in the dark?
Correct answer:
-1.9 mL/min
