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Vertebrates have backbones, while invertebrates do not.
Humans, for example, are vertebrates because we have backbones.
The respiratory system works with the digestive and circulatory systems to make cellular respiration possible. During cellular respiration, your cells use oxygen and glucose to release energy. Carbon dioxide is a waste product of the process. Carbon dioxide must be removed from cells.
Info from: Google lolz.
Answer: Cytoskeleton and cytoplasm
The cytoskeleton is a network of microfilaments that provide structure and support for the cell. You can think of them as the pillars/columns that hold up a house.
The cytoplasm is the aqueous fluid that fills the inside of the cell. This fluid is very important for giving a cell is shape/support. If the cytoplasm was drained out of a cell its shape would collapse like a water balloon losing its water.
A.Transmission electron microscopes are a versatile tool for many fields, including medicine, biology, nanotechnology, metallurgy, forensics, electronics, material science, and much more. A biologist might use a TEM to look at the internal structure of a cell.
b. Industries including microelectronics, semiconductors, medical devices, general manufacturing, insurance and litigation support, and food processing, all use scanning electron microscopy as a way to examine the surface composition of components and products.
c.Brightfield Microscope is used in several fields, from basic biology to understanding cell structures in cell Biology, Microbiology, Bacteriology to visualizing parasitic organisms in Parasitology. Most of the specimens to viewed are stained using special staining to enable visualization.
d.A dissecting microscope is used to view three-dimensional objects and larger specimens, with a maximum magnification of 100x. This type of microscope might be used to study external features on an object or to examine structures not easily mounted onto flat slides.
The right answer is A) Trisomy
Aberrant karyotypes containing an abnormal number of chromosomes are known in the human species. The best-known (and most common) chromosomal abnormality is trisomy 21, which is responsible for Down syndrome (mongolism). There are others such as Turner syndrome (woman with a single X chromosome) or Klinefelter syndrome (man XXY).
These abnormalities originate from the non-disjunction of the chromosomes of a pair of homologues during metaphase I of meiosis. At the end of division I, a daughter cell contains the two chromosomes of the pair considered and the other cell does not contain a chromosome of this pair. A similar result can be obtained during a bad distribution of chromatids during anaphase II.
After fertilization from a gamete of this type, a trisomy or a monosomy is obtained.
