The first one is commensalism. The second one is mutualism. The last one is parasitism.
Many of these options can be inherited based on the context. The only one i can see that is absolutely inherited is saying "please" and "thank you", because those are not built into a person. They are taught to a child so they can show respect when given something. The porcuipine using its quills when scared is the only instictive trait.
the answer is the first one: by producing random changes in an organism's genetic code
Answer:
a polymer is a large unit comprised of monomer