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Muslim forces ultimately expelled the European Christians who invaded the eastern Mediterranean repeatedly in the 12th and 13th centuries—and thwarted their effort to regain control of sacred Holy Land sites such as Jerusalem. Still, most histories of the Crusades offer a largely one-sided view, drawn originally from European medieval chronicles, then filtered through 18th and 19th-century Western scholars.
But how did Muslims at the time view the invasions? (Not always so contentiously, it turns out.) And what did they think of the European interlopers? (One common cliché: “unwashed barbarians.”) For a nuanced view of the medieval Muslim world, HISTORY talked with two prominent scholars: Paul M. Cobb, professor of Islamic History at the University of Pennsylvania, author of Race for Paradise: An Islamic History of the Crusades, and Suleiman A. Mourad, a professor of religion at Smith College and author of The Mosaic of Islam.
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Explanation:
According to my research on the different types of relationships that exist between two factors, I can say that based on the information provided within the question there is a positive-linear relationship between alcohol exposure during childhood and alcoholism. This type of relationship of direct proportionality where any change in one will cause a change in the other.
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The Middle Colonies had lots of fertile soil, which allowed the area to become a major exporter of wheat and other grains.
The lumber and shipbuilding industries enjoyed success in the Middle Colonies because of the abundant forests, and Pennsylvania saw moderate success in the textile and iron industry.
February 1st: Iowa caucus and February 9th: New Hampshire
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Explanation:
School based assessment is a systematic base for making inference about the learning and development of students. It is the process of using information to increase students learning and development.
