Answer:
Echinoderms play numerous ecological roles. Sand dollars and sea cucumbers burrow into the sand, providing more oxygen at greater depths of the sea floor. This allows more organisms to live there.
Explanation:
They are also economically important to humans due to their use in scientific research and education and also for food.
Human monoclonal antibody (mAbs) are emerging in the field of cancer therapy and have become an increasing proportion of new drugs that are recently approved. Although there are some methods to obtain antigen-specific mAbs from human B cells, it is generally impossible to directly immunize human beings with antigens of interest. For example, for infectious agents, those approaches are largely restricted. To solve these obstacles, two main approaches have been developed; either by humanizing antigen-specific antibodies from small experimental animals (which is laborious due to the great genetic differences from humans) or rely on the in vitro selection of antigen-specific binders from human antibody repertoires. However, the human mAbs developed by these methods are usually with low affinity.
We are now coming up with a much better idea that is humanizing non-human primates mAbs instead of murine mAbs. Due to the close genetic relationship with humans, immunized NHPs have more potential to be isolated with high affinity antibody to human target than other experimental species, such as mouse, rat and rabbit. In addition, with appropriate method, NHP antibodies are much<span> easier to be humanized</span> without any loss of affinity compared to widely used murine antibodies.
Resource: http://www.creative-biolabs.com/High-Affi-TM-Human-Antibody-Discovery.html
I believe it is a <span>Carbohydrate.
forgive me if I am wrong.</span>
Answer:
If there is a mutation in the p53 protein then this leads to abnormal cell growth and cell death or apoptosis does not occur.
Explanation:
p53 is a tumor supressor protein.p53 is encoded by TP53 gene.The protein is named so because the protein has a molecular weight of 53 kilo Dalton and this protein helps in programmed cell death or apoptosis.
The mutation in p53 result in the abnormal cell growth due to accumulation of mutated p53 protein, an important sign of development of cancer.