Answer:
Explanation:
The meaning of terms is shown below:
Direct material: The material which is directly related to the production process of the product is known as direct material
Direct labor: The labor who are engaged in production process of the product plus their wages is known as the direct labor
Manufacturing overhead: All the indirect cost related to manufacturing is known as manufacturing overhead i.e depreciation on factory equipment, the salary of supervisor etc
The categorization is given below:
a. Windshield - direct materials
b. Engine - direct materials
c. Wages of assembly line worker - direct labor
d. Depreciation of factory machinery - manufacturing overhead
e. Factory Machinery lubricants - manufacturing overhead
f. Tires - direct materials
g. Steering wheel - direct materials
h. Salary of painting supervisor - manufacturing overhead
Answer:
The IRR is 5%. Rate of return would be 12.5% assuming a discount rate of 4%
Explanation:
The answer depends entirely on the discount rate. The question covers a 30 period timeframe and in each period, the pay off is $13 million. This is a simple time value of money concept in which to calculate the present value, you will simply calculate the present value of each of the cash flows. The formula is 13Mn/[(1+r)^n] where n is the year from 1 to 30, r is the discount rate.
The question requires us to calculate the return that is the variable 'r'. For this you need to have the present value today so that you can then use the equation to solve for 'r'. However, the only information we have is the time period and the cash flow. We are given $200mn as the initial outlay. So, we can at least use this to calculate the internal rate of return (IRR) which is simply the rate of return (or the value of 'r') at which the present value of each of the 13 Mn to be received over the next 30 years is equal to the initial outlay (i.e 200mn). In short, IRR is the rate of return at which the net present value (NPV) is equal to zero. In our example, and using the formula for each of the cash flow from years 1 to 30, the IRR is computated at 5%. So if the discount rate that the company uses is less than 5%, the company would be better of with Joe accepting the offer because any discount rate below 5% would result in the present value of the cash flows to be in excess of $200Mn.
Lets take an example and assume that the discount rate is 4%, using the formula from year 1 to 30 and summing the values would give us a present value of $225 Mn. So the rate lf return in this case would be (225-200)/200 x 100 = 12.5%.
To decide how much an insurance policy should cost a customer, underwriters use: Data analytics.
Data analytics can be defined as the systematic computational collection, modelling and analysis of raw data, in order to discover trends, patterns, and draw conclusions about the information that are contained in the data.
An insurance policy can be defined as a contractual agreement between an insurer and an insured (policyholder), in which the claims, terms and conditions binding on both parties are listed in details.
Thus, it is a contract in which an insurer indemnifies an insured (policyholder) against losses in the event of certain dangers or problems.
Underwriting refers to a process through which an insurer determines the risks of insuring a customer and establishing the required cost (price).
Basically, underwriters use data analytics to predict risk levels and determine how much an insurance policy should cost a particular customer. Some examples of the data used by underwriters are:
- Historical industry trends.
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Answer:
d. $757,991.26
Explanation:
Present value of inflows=cash inflow*Present value of discounting factor(rate%,time period)
= (325,000/1.10) + (425,000/1.10^2) + (450,000/1.10^3) + (400,000/1.10^4)
= $1,257,991.25743
NPV = Present value of inflows - Present value of outflows
NPV = $1,257,991.25743 - $500,000
NPV = 757991.25743
NPV = $757,991.26
A business must not only look at its direct competitors, but also must contend with those firms that offer a product that a consumer might alternatively choose. Porter refers to this as the force of substitutes in the market.
<h3>What factors affect the market?</h3>
Supply and demand in an economy are regulated by government action as well as other causes such as social, demographic, cultural, economic, technical, political, and legal pressures. The supply of a product may be affected by the weather.
<h3>Why does the market operate the way it does?</h3>
The free-market system is driven by self-interest. For their own financial advantage, people manufacture commodities and services. The struggle for consumers' dollars is what is known as competition among producers.
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