Answer:
A. -2.16 * 10^(-5) N
B. 9 * 10^(-7) N
Explanation:
Parameters given:
Distance between their centres, r = 0.3 m
Charge in first sphere, Q1 = 12 * 10^(-9) C
Charge in second sphere, Q2 = -18 * 10^(-9) C
A. Electrostatic force exerted on one sphere by the other is:
F = (k * Q1 * Q2) / r²
F = (9 * 10^9 * 12 * 10^(-9) * -18 * 10^(-9)) / 0.3²
F = -2.16 * 10^(-5) N
B. When they are brought in contact by a wire and are then in equilibrium, it means they have the same final charge. That means if we add the charges of both spheres and divided by two, we'll have the final charge of each sphere:
Q1 + Q2 = 12 * 10^(-9) + (-18 * 10^(-9))
= - 6 * 10^(-9) C
Dividing by two, we have that each sphere has a charge of -3 * 10^(-9) C
Hence the electrostatic force between them is:
F = [9 * 10^9 * (-3 * 10^(-9)) * (-3 * 10^(-9)] / 0.3²
F = 9 * 10^(-7) N
Explanation:
a) Three types of chemical bondings:
- Ionic bonding: Complete transfer of electrons from an electropositive atom to an electronegative atom.
- Covalent bonding: Equal sharing of electrons between the atoms with less or zero electronegativity difference.
- Metallic bonding: The bonding between the conduction electrons(electron cloud of delocalised electrons) and positively charged metal ions
b) Those elements are named as Noble gases which inert in nature that is less reactive due to fully filled electronic configuration.
Their general electronic configuration is given by:

n = principle quantum number
c) In an ionic bonding, electrons are transferred to the electronegative atom from the electropositive atom.
Electronegative: An atom which gains an electrons.Negative charge carrying ion is formed.
Electropositive : An atom which looses electrons.Positive charge carrying ion is formed.
d) This because the band width between the conduction band and valence band is large due to which electrons will not able to jump from valence band to conduction band.This makes the non metal poor electrical conductors.
The way the sound waves hit your eardrums and they are moved by the sound pressure. Then your brain takes over from there.
Answer:B
Explanation:
Given
speed of car 
mass of clump 
Radius of car tire 
Since the tire is rotating about axle so a centripetal force is acting constantly on each particle towards the center of tire.
Centripetal force is given by

where 



(inward)