Answer:
Epidermis.
It is composed of keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium and is made up of 4 layers of epithelial cells depending on its location in the body. From deeper to superficial these layers are stratum Basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, and stratum corneum. The cells in all the layers except for stratum besele are called keratinocytes which is a cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin.
Stratum Basale.
It is a cuboid-shaped stem cell that is a precursor of the keratinocytes of the epidermis. Two other cell types found in this basal cell are Merkel cells which function as a receptor and are responsible for stimulating sensory nerves that the brain perceives as touch. The second is melanocyte that produces melanin pigment which gives the skin its color.
Stratum spinosum.
It is spiny in appearance due to the protruding cell processes that join the cells via a structure called desmosome. The desmosome cell interlock with each other to strengthen the bond between the cell. Keratinocytes in the stratum spinosum stats synthesizing keratin and release water-repelling glycolipid that helps to prevent water losses from the body.
Stratum granulosum.
They are grainy in appearance due to further change in keratinocytes as they are pushes from the stratum spinosum. The cells become flat as their membrane thickens to allow the production of protein keratin which accolades as lamellar granules within the cells.
Stratum Lucidum.
It is a smooth and translucent layer of the epidermis situated above the stratum granulosum. Keratinocytes containing these cells are dead and flat. Stratum lucidum cells are packs with eleiden derived from keratohyalin which give these cells their transparency and provide a barrier to water.
Stratum corneum.
This is the most superficial layer in the epidermis and it prevents penetration of microbes and dehydration of underlying tissues.
Dermis.-This is the inner layer of the skin and has the following functions.
Reticular layer
Just below the papillary layer, we have a much thicker layer called the reticular layer composing of dense connective tissue. It contains elastin fibers providing elasticity to the skin enabling movement.
Hypodermis
Explanation:
Both c and d I hope this helps
Processing of filtrate in the proximal and distal tubules option B. maintains homeostasis of \mathrm{pH} in body fluids.
Homeostasis is the country of constant internal, physical, and chemical conditions maintained through living structures. that is the condition of topof-the-line functioning for the organism and includes many variables, together with body temperature and fluid stability, being stored within positive pre-set limits.
Homeostasis is maintained by using a series of control mechanisms performed at the organ, tissue, or mobile stage. those manipulation mechanisms include substrate supply, activation or inhibition of character enzymes and receptors, synthesis and degradation of enzymes, and compartmentalization.
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Answer: The independent variable is the different amount of water. The correct option is A.
Explanation:
A variable can represent age, a person, or an entity that can be measured. In statistics, it is simply defined as an attribute of an object to be investigated. There are different types of variables these includes:
--> Dependent variable and
--> Independent variable.
Dependent variables are simply the variables that are affected by the changes that occurs in the experiment. From the experiment they should include:
--> the height of the plant,
--> the size of the plant,
--> the number of leaves
---> if the plant survived or not (dead).
Independent variable are the variables that are changed in the experiment. A good example from the pea plant experiment is WATER. It is the aspect that is used to alter the dependent variable which is the height of the pea plant. I hope this helps, thanks!
Answer:
B. Mutations increase the genetic variation within a population, and some of the variants may provide an advantage to individuals over time