John Muir lived up to his doctrine by not being the first man to reach the camp. He was no simple hiker. He would stop many times during his way up to examine trees, flowers, animals, nature, and everything that surrounded him. This means he didn't rush through life, he enjoyed every part of it.
Dramatic irony is a stylistic device that is most commonly used by storytellers, in plays, in the theater, and in movies. The irony is used as a plot device to create situations where the reader knows much more about the episodes and the resolutions before the chief character or characters.
Examples are:
In Merchant of Venice, the reader is aware that Lancelot is cheating his father openly; in Tempest, Prospero and the reader are aware of the presence of Gonzalo on the Island but Miranda does not.
In Romeo and Juliet, Romeo finds Juliet in deep and drugged slumber, assumes her dead, and kills himself ignorantly before Juliet wakes up, discovers her dead lover, and kills herself.
I'd say C, thats the only one that really makes sense with the pauses