I think it's D I'm not sure
The recombination frequency of the two gene pairs is 3%.
The number of recombinant offspring(r.o.) / total number of offspring x 100% = recombination frequency(θ):
r.o./total x 100% = θ
30/100 x 100% = 3%
Recombinant offspring are children that have a different allele combination to their parents.
For example, say a mother has a haploid cell with the alleles AB and the father has a haploid cell with the alleles ab. These combine to make a diploid cell with the sequence Aa+Bb.
Formation of Recombinant Offspring :
Recombination can happen in two different ways; independent assortment and crossing over.
- Independent assortment is when the maternal and parental DNA are mixed during meiosis, creating a new gene sequence.
- Crossing over happens during the first stage of meiosis when the two homologous chromosomes are paired and a portion breaks off on the same loci then reconnects to a different end. Crossing over can only happen when there isn't a physical linkage of the parental alleles.
Recombination frequency (θ) is the frequency with which a single chromosomal crossover will take place between two genes during meiosis. A centimorgan (cM) is a unit that describes a recombination frequency of 1%. In this way we can measure the genetic distance between two loci, based upon their recombination frequency. This is a good estimate of the real distance. Double crossovers would turn into no recombination. In this case we cannot tell if crossovers took place. If the loci we're analysing are very close (less than 7 cM) a double crossover is very unlikely. When distances become higher, the likelihood of a double crossover increases. As the likelihood of a double crossover increases we systematically underestimate the genetic distance between two loci.
When two genes are close together on the same chromosome, they do not assort independently and are said to be linked. Whereas genes located on different chromosomes assort independently and have a recombination frequency of 50%, linked genes have a recombination frequency that is less than 50%.
To learn more about Recombination frequency : brainly.com/question/7299933
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Answer:
Hearing
Listening
Explanation:
Hearing refers to the vibration of sound waves on the ear drums and the sending of messages to the central auditory system of the brain. The mechanism involve the use of Pinna also known as auricle to gather sound waves which is transferred into the tympanic membrane along the air canal.In the tympanic, sound waves vibrate following the waveform of the sound.
In the middle ear, the ossicles of the middle ear(malleus, incus, stape) assist in the transmission of the vibrations from the tympanic membrane into the inner ear (the cochlea).
The cochlea serve as a mechanical-neural transduction pathway, it helps to transmit sound information via the auditory nerve to the cochlear nucleus in the brainstem.
Listening refers to paying close attention to and making sense of those sounds perceived from the surrounding environment . It is the ability to get the right information without any misinterpretation in the communication process. It is the key to any effective communication.
Genes are what code for those things
The air can be considered polluted once harmful or toxic substances are being released and introduced into the air and can bring many types of diseases or health problems to the living organisms in it. Some actions can be done in order to remedy air pollution and these include: government passing regulatory laws, testing for car emissions and carpooling so there will be less driving.
