Question

What is made up of quantities and the operations performed on them

Answer 1

Algebra is made up of quantities and the operations performed on them are addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. 
Algebra is a branch of mathematics. It concerns itself with operations on sets of numbers or other elements. The sets of numbers and elements are represented by symbols. Algebra can be seen as a generalisation of arithmetic.  Letters are substituted for numbers in Algebra. For example, x + 2x will always equal 3x no matter what values the symbol x represents. The algebraic can also include polynomial functions of one or more of the variables.