All of the biological interactions plus interactions with the abiotic environment in a given area
Biological systems do not contradict the second law of thermodynamics. Even in this case, entropy is still always increasing. Biological systems can only decrease their own entropy by using copious amounts of energy and by increasing entropy in their surrounding environment. Also, unfavorable anabolism reactions are always paired with more favorable reactions, such as the use of ATP in order to make the overall Gibb's free energy of the reaction negative.
Answer:
Rutherford overturned Thomson's model in 1911 with his well-known gold foil experiment in which he demonstrated that the atom has a tiny and heavy nucleus. Rutherford designed an experiment to use the alpha particles emitted by a radioactive element as probes to the unseen world of atomic structure.
Explanation:
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Hyperthyroidism decreases protein synthesis, increases heart rate, increases oxygen consumption, and increases protein catabolism.
<h3>What is Hyperthyroidism and its effect on the body?</h3>
- Hyperthyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland produces too much of the hormone thyroxine.
- Hyperthyroidism can accelerate body metabolism, causing unintentional weight loss and a rapid or irregular heart rate.
- Hyperthyroidism is the catabolic state with increased energy expenditure, lipolysis, and protein turnover.
- Increased protein turnover includes increased protein breakdown and reduced serum protein level.
- Hyperthyroidism increases oxygen consumption to meet the body's requirements due to increased basal metabolic rate.
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