<h3><u>Answer;</u></h3>
All four organisms have exactly the same components in their DNA, but it varies in number and sequence
<h3><u>Explanation;</u></h3>
- <em><u>DNA, known as deoxyribonucleic acid is a type of nucleic acid which is important to all living organisms as it helps store genetic information.</u></em>
- <em><u>All living organisms store their genetic information using DNA molecules or RNA molecules. Most organisms contains DNA that have similar components, however their DNA will differ in number and also the sequences. </u></em>
- <em><u>The similarity between the molecules of DNA indicates a common ancestry among organisms. </u></em>
The given blank can be filled with External.
The stimulus is a physical entity, which can provoke the response in the body of an organism. The hiding of the organism under the rock in response to the predator is and a type of external stimuli, as in this case, the organisms hide themselves inside the rock in response to the predator, which is present outside the body of the organism.
Answer:
Cytokines made by other innate cells, such as macrophages or dendritic cells
Explanation:
Innate Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) on Dendritic cells and macrophages sense and respond to PAMPs and produce cytokines. Cytokines start the innate immune response.
The cytokines are produced in response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as peptidoglycan monomers or CpG sequences on bacterial and viral genomes. Cytokines produced in response to pathogen receptors on cell surfaces, such as the inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha, chemokines and type I interferons that act on leukocytes so as to promote and control early inflammatory responses.
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