Answer:
c. Instrumentation           
Explanation:
In research methods and statistics, mainly there are eight different types of threats associated with the internal validity including experimental mortality, regression, interaction of threats, selection, history, testing, maturation, and instrumentation.
Instrumentation: The term "instrumentation" is described as one of the different types of internal validity threat that encompasses the change in the scores, instruments, or observers that may produce a few changes in the outcomes of a particular study.
In the question above, the given statement represents "instrumentation".
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
I agree, I have come to many situations where I am not sure what to say. It always comes down to two paths and only one will be right, the first path is truth, it may be a hard path where you need a lot of willpower, but it is the right path, the second path is lie, this path may look so simple, but this path is a dark path where you can't see or know what is going to happen next. It may look easy but not everything is what it seems. 
Explanation:
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
C. jackson assumed command of the policy making process instead of waiting for congress to take the lead
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
The question lacks options, I looked it up and here are the options:
A. Robert plans to start working out this very weekend so he will be in better shape. Because his father is the school football coach, everyone expects Robert to excel in athletics. 
B.Patrice is very upset about her poor performance and plans to work very hard to do better next year because she doesn't want her friends to think that she's a wimp. 
C.Oliver is going to come back after class to look at his scores and ask Mr. Kent for suggestions about how to improve in his weak areas. 
D.Muriel gets As in all her other classes so she doesn't mind getting a C in physical <span>education.
From these options the correct answer is "C" "</span>Oliver is going to come back after class to look at his scores and ask Mr. Kent for suggestions about how to improve in his weak areas".
<span>Mastery-oriented goals <span>are characterized regarding an emphasis on getting to know
and learn things, acing the errand as per self-set models or self-change. It
likewise envelops growing new abilities, enhancing or creating capability,
attempting to achieve something testing and endeavoring to pick up a comprehension
or knowledge. That is exactly what Oliver is doing which made him the student exhibiting a mastery goal.</span></span>