International trade enables specialization, which brings increased efficiency and greater competition to spur the market.
This happens because Specialization would make each nation to focus on producing certain type of products in which they would gain a competitive advantage towards other (either because they had the necessary materials sources or labor qualities) and would create better and cheaper product in the market.
It caused inflation to rise and the economy to slow.
Because the US had a great geographical location which shileded them from immediate contact with any military force. This was one thing, another thing was that they were lending money to the different European nations which they had to return after some time. All of this enabled the US to catapult itself and become a world power.
Thomas Jefferson was the main writer of the Declaration of independence although he did not take any part in the American revolution part of the war he was recommended to write the document by George Washington and Benjamin Franklin