Dear (said friend),
Hey, I hope your well, I know we haven't talked in a while so im sending his letter to "break the ice". I also wanted to tell you that I got a scholarship and im going to be doing study abroad in Paris! Im actually on the plane while im writing this so by the time you get this ill be sending you another postcard/letter of all the wonderful things im going to see and explore. Well I have to get off my plane now but let me know how youve been. Miss ya.
from (your name here)
Answer:
He feels terrible about it.
Answer:
A). Shaping.
Explanation:
As per the given description of Marc's behavior and his mother's attitude to amend his habits exemplify that his mother is employing 'shaping' as it would establish his behavior which was previously not performed. This concept was first defined by B.F. Skinner who was a leading psychologist advocating 'behaviorism'. 'Shaping' is quite commonly employed by teachers and mothers to inculcate or <em>reinforce certain behavior in kids that would help them to perform better and reach nearer to their targets.</em> Similarly, Marc's mother is reinforcing 'successive approximations' to instill a behavioral change in him and attain the desired goal(when Marc begins to do his homework regularly). Thus, <u>option A</u> is the correct answer.