Answer:
b. local conflicts are more likely escalate when the parties come from different civilizations
Explanation:
A metaphor compares two unlike things without using 'like' or 'as'. Example: Happiness is a warm puppy. Happiness (an abstract concept) is being compared to a puppy (a physical object).
If I remember the story correctly...
Scout wanted to be included when they were hanging out. She didn’t want to be left out just because she was a girl.