According to COSO, a system of internal controls is designed to provide reasonable assurance about the achievement of entity obj
1 answer:
You might be interested in
Answer:
a. The optimal pricing strategy will be one-shot Nash equilibrium in which “You” charge low price, “Your Rival” charge low price and then the payoff is ($0, $0)
b. Yes, the anwer will differ becuase it is not possible to sustain the collusive outcome as a Nash equilibrium because >
.
Explanation:
a. Determine your optimal pricing strategy if you and your rival believe that the new Highlander is a "special edition" that will be sold only for one year.
Note: See the attached excel file for the Representation of one shot normal for of the game played between "You" and "Your Rival" together with the payoffs.
From the attached excel file, the dominant strategy is for “You” and “Your Rival” to charge “Low Price” each. If the dominant strategy is played by “You” and “Your Rival”, the optimal pricing strategy will be one-shot Nash equilibrium in which “You” charge low price, “Your Rival” charge low price and then the payoff is ($0, $0).
b. Would your answer differ if you and your rival were required to resubmit price quotes year after year and if, in any given year, there was a 60 percent chance that Toyota would discontinue the Highlander? Explain.
When we have a year-after-year competition between “You” and “Your Rival” but with a 60 percent chance that Toyota would discontinue the Highlander, the payoffs of the firm that continue to comply with the collusive strategy of charging “High Price” by each firm under the normal trigger strategy whereby “You” and “Your Rival” agree to charge high price as long as there is no past deviation by any of the firm, otherwise charge a low price is as follows:
= $6 + $6(100% - 60%) + $6(100% - 60%)^2 + 6(100% - 60%)^2 …….
= $6 / 6% = $10
Therefore, what the firm that cheats earn today is $11 million and it earns $0 forever. The implication of this is that = $11
Therefore, the anwer will differ becuase it is not possible to sustain the collusive outcome as a Nash equilibrium because >
.
Answer:
$6,598,076.21
Explanation:
<h2>THE KEY IS TO FIND OUT THE COST FUNCTION, the calculations are very easy!!!</h2><h2></h2><h3>In order to find the cost function, take a look at the drawing attached. </h3>
We can see the river (sort of) that is 3 km wide and the storage tanks on the other side of the river 8 km apart.
<h3 />Laying pipes under (across) the river costs 1,000,000 the km & laying pipes over land costs 500,000 per km.
<h3 /><h3>So basically the cost function is 1,000,000 multiplied by something plus 500,000 multiplied by another something.</h3><h3 />The distance across the river can be found by using Pythagoras Theorem. A side is 3 km the other is unknown, so we call it X. And it is equal to:
And we multiply it by 1,000,000; the cost of laying pipe under the river, the we get:
The distance over the land is (8-x), as we can see in the drawing. So we multiply it by its cost, 500,000. And we get 500,000(8-x).
So the cost function f(x) would be:
And we plug square root of 3 in the original cost function ad we get
