Liquids will flow and fill up any shape of container. Solids like to hold their shape. In the same way that a large solid holds its shape, the atoms inside of a solid are not allowed to move around too much. Atoms and molecules in liquids and gases are bouncing and floating around, free to move where they want.
Radiation is the mechanism of heat transfer by which heat travel in a straight line at the speed of light, allowing heat to travel through vacuums and air spaces.
Radiation in physics is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or matter medium. This includes:
- Electromagnetic radiation such as radio waves, microwaves, infrared rays, visible light, ultraviolet rays, X-rays, and gamma rays (γ)
- Particle radiation beams such as alpha rays (α), beta rays (β), proton rays, and neutron rays (with static energy non-zero particles)
- Acoustic Radiation such as ultrasound, sound waves, seismic waves (due to physical transmission media)
- Gravitational radiation in the form of gravitational waves, or waves of curvature of space-time
Radiation is often classified as either ionizing or non-ionizing, depending on the energy of the particles it hits.
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Answer:
1. Fluorine (7 electrons) => c. steals 1 electron
2. Calcium (2 electrons) => a. gives away 2 electrons
3. Oxygen (6 electrons) => d. steals 2 electrons
4. Lithium (1 electron) => e. gives away 1 electron
5. Xenon (8 electrons) => b. neither gives away nor steals any electron
Explanation:
Given the following valence electrons of the atoms listed above, each atom can be matched to its corresponding number of electrons it can steal or give away as they form bonds and attain a stable state:
1. Fluorine (7 electrons) => this will steal 1 electron from another atom to attain a stable state when it comes to make the number of electrons 8.
2. Calcium with 2 valence electrons, will give away this 2 electrons in its outer shell to be stable and form bond with another atom that will accept these 2 electrons.
3. Oxygen with 2 valence electrons, will steal 2 electrons to make the electrons in its outer shell 8, as it bonds with another atom to become stable.
4. Lithium will give away 1 electron to become stable when it combines.
5. Xenon with 8 electrons in its outer shell is in a stable state and kind of inert. It doesn't need to receive or steal any electron from or to any other atom in this state.
Answer: circumference to diameter
Explanation:
