The answer is parallelogram because it’s perpendicular
The formula to determine the multiplier(M) is:
M = 1 / (1 – MPC)
where:
MPC=Marginal propensity to consume
What Is a Multiplier?
A multiplier is a broad term in economics that refers to an economic factor that, when increased or changed, causes increases or changes in many other related economic variables. In terms of GDP, the multiplier effect causes total output gains to be greater than the change in spending that caused it.
Typically, the term multiplier refers to the relationship between government spending and total national income. The deposit multiplier is another multiplier used to explain fractional reserve banking.
Often the multiplier formula is considered to be too simple because it ignores some real-world complications. The Reason is:
Option A. The formula ignores the impact of an increase in GDP on consumption.
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Answer:
The children are experiencing natural reinforcement.
Explanation:
Sandra's children are very successful in school and that is a stated natural reinforcer.
Natural reinforces occur as a result of their behavior without involving others expressing their approval of their behavior.
Sandra is trying to foster this natural reinforcement with positive social reinforcement, "but she does not always remember".
