<span>Basically, the breeder selects individuals with desired traits (high milk yields, lots of wool etc) and keeps breeding then until the descendants display a very exaggerated set of traits.  
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The orca, or killer whale, for example, is actually the largest member of the dolphin family. Dolphins are by far more prevalent than porpoises. Most scientists agree that there are 32 dolphin species (plus five closely related species of river dolphin) and only six porpoise species.
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I believe the correct answer is chromosome. 
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Explanation:</h2>
We inherit 23 chromosomes from our mother and another 23 chromosome pairs from our father. You have to inherit a defective chromosome for you to get the mutation. This is what is called germ line mutation usually carried in the sperm or ovum. Of the 23 chromosomes, 22 are autosomal and 1 is chromosomal meaning of the 23 one of them is X and another one is . You get the Y from your father and the X from your mother.