Organisms is the answer to you question
The phylogenetic tree is commonly used by biologists to study evolutionary relationships between organisms and their ancestors. To add up, it is a diagram that branches the "phylogeny" of a single organism which could be very significant and determining on how genetically different or similar they are to their ancestors.
the offspring of crosses between parents with different traits?. Such as, the process by which peas are allowed to self-pollinate and produce offspring identical to themselves. A specific characteristic that varies from one individual organism to another. The offspring of crosses between parents with different traits. The chemical factors that are passed from one generation to the next.
Answer:
The correct answer is option E) "Nondisjunction at either meiosis I or meiosis II in the mother".
Explanation:
Nondisjunction is a phenomena at which chromosomes are not properly separated during anaphase. This can either happen at meiosis I or meiosis II during oogenesis. Nondisjunction would explain the XO chromosomic condition of the daughter with Turner syndrome as well as the X-linked recessive allele of the red green color blindness. Nondisjunction happened in the mother because the father could not inherited an X-linked condition.
1. breeding of individuals that have genes for two different characteristics:
DIHYBRID CROSS.
We call it a dihybrid cross when we are considering a cross between two different traits.
"di" means having two traits involved (for example, trait A and trait B), the "hybrid" means that each trait will have two different alleles (for gene A: A or a; for gene B: B or b), one is dominant and the other is recessive.
2. a grid system used to predict possible combinations of genes due to random fertilization: PUNNETT SQUARE
The Punnett square is a grid system that helps us predict an outcome of a cross or a breeding experiment. We this, we can determine the probability of an offspring having a particular genotype.
This is very useful when we are considering more than one gene, making it less confusing.
3. a condition in which both alleles are dominant: CODOMINANCE
Tere are alleles that have the capacity of dominating at the same time, and when an organism is heterozygotic, both alleles are expressed.
For example, a white chicken(WW) crossed with a black chicken (BB): 100% of the offspring being WB. With this genotype, they have black feathers and white feathers. It's not a blend of colors, but a case where both are expressing.
4. when more than two alternatives exist for a gene: MULTIPLE ALLELES
Mendel thought that only two possible alternatives could exist for a gene, but there are cases that have more than 3 possibilities. Some of those can be really popular in a population while others not so much.
This happens with rabbit's fur. They can be black, brown, grayish,
Himalayan patterning or white fur.
5.a condition in which neither pair of alleles is dominant or recessive, so the traits blend in the phenotype: INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE
Some alleles are not completely dominant, and when that's the case the phenotype of a heterozygous organism will be a mix between the phenotypes of its homozygous parents.
For example:
plant 1: RR -red
plant 2: rr-white
By crossing this plants we will obtain 100% of the offspring with a color mix: pink.(genotype: Rr)
Red and white are not completely dominating so it results in a blend of colors.
