Cultural, economic, religious and ethnic.
All nations have politics, which is a way of governing a sovereign territory. It doesn't necessarily exclusively identify a nation or make it special. Same goes for intellectual. It doesn't have a place on national identity.
<span>The Russian Revolution continued even after the communist program was launched because the Reds and Whites had fought such a bloody civil war. The Reds were supporters of Bolsheviks, or members of the Soviet Republic's Red Army. The Whites were those that opposed Bolshevik military force.</span>
Answer: Islamic merchants dealt in a wide variety of trade goods including sugar, salt, textiles, spices, slaves, gold, and horses. The expanse of the Islamic Empire allowed merchants to trade goods all the way from China to Europe. Many merchants became quite wealthy and powerful.
B) People have learned to farm and grow a surplus of food and c) People divide up necessary labor are both statements which currently identifies a condition that must exist for a culture to be considered a civilization. Many civilizations had no religion, did not live in areas which would be qualified as cities and were ruled in other sort of "governmental" forms that monarchies or oligarchies, so this is why they do not qualify as civilizations.
