Answer: the british, french and ottoman turkish
Europeans couldn't travel into the interior of Africa in order to take it over because of the African-ruled trade, couldn't navigate violent rivers, or overpower their strong armies. Disease also held them back.
The correct answer is C
Sanford Ballard Dole was a lawyer and jurist in the former Kingdom of Hawaiian Islands who eventually managed to become president of the new born republic of Hawaii after the coup which overthrew the monarchy.
While being president, Dole advocated the westernization of Hawaiian culture and politics. His main service as president was to secure the annexation of Hawaii by the US.