Leopold II (9 April 1835 – 17 December 1909) reigned as the second King of the Belgians from 1865 to 1909. He became known for the founding and exploitation of the Congo Free State as a private venture. Born in Brusselsas the second (but eldest surviving) son of Leopold I and Louise of Orléans, he succeeded his father to the Belgian throne in 1865 and reigned for 44 years until his death - the longest reign of any Belgian monarch. He died without surviving male issue; the current Belgian king descends from his nephew and successor, Albert I.
Leopold became the founder and sole owner of the Congo Free State, a private project undertaken on his own behalf. He used explorer Henry Morton Stanley to help him lay claim to the Congo, the present-day Democratic Republic of the Congo. At the Berlin Conference of 1884–1885 the colonial nations of Europe authorized his claim by committing the Congo Free State to improving the lives of the native inhabitants. From the beginning, however, Leopold essentially ignored these conditions. He ran the Congo using the mercenary Force Publique for his personal enrichment. He used great sums of the money from this exploitation for public and private construction projects in Belgium during this period. He donated the private buildings to the state before his death, to preserve them for Belgium.
Leopold extracted a fortune from the Congo, initially by the collection of ivory, and - after a rise in the price of rubber in the 1890s - by forced labour from the natives to harvest and process rubber. Under his régime millions of the Congolese people died; modern estimates range from 1 to 15 million, with a consensus growing around 10 million. Human-rights abuses under his régime contributed significantly to these deaths. Reports of deaths and abuse led to a major international scandal in the early 20th century, and the Belgian government ultimately forced Leopold to relinquish control of the colony to Belgian civil administration in 1908 <From wikipedia i give all credits to wikipedia> Hope it helps
The cross-cultural approach has a propensity to view personality as a universal or etic phenomena that is equally relevant and significant in the cultures being contrasted.
<h3>What does the term "cross-cultural" mean?</h3>
A comparable trend in different domains of cultural analysis is cross-cultural studies.
The study of cross-cultural communication examines the various ways that members of different cultural groups interact with one another (also see cross-cultural communication, interculturalism, intercultural relations, hybridity, cosmopolitanism, transculturation). The discussion of cultural interaction is sometimes referred to as cross-culturalism (See also multiculturalism, cosmopolitanism, transculturation, cultural diversity).
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Eyewitness memory is important because it allows an additional point of view and also measures how much of the testimony is reliable.
Welfare means well-being and with a minimum support.
General welfare is the concept that all people should have some basic quality of life (home, food, security).
In order to ensure this, there is often a "general welfare"clause in the constitution (US has it, but other countries too).
