1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
Sophie [7]
3 years ago
8

What was the result of the Supreme Court ruling that Native American groups were not independent nations?

History
2 answers:
lapo4ka [179]3 years ago
5 0
It prevented the federal government's choice to stop making treaties and allowed it to continue passing the laws to carry out its Native American policies
denis23 [38]3 years ago
5 0
In the cases Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831) and Worcester v. Georgia (1832), the U.S. Supreme Court considered its powers to enforce the rights of Native American "nations" against the states. In Cherokee Nation, the Court ruled that it lacked jurisdiction<span> (the power to hear a case) to review claims of an Indian nation within the United States. In Worcester, the Court ruled that only the United States, and not the individual states, had power to regulate or deal with the Indian nations. </span>

<span>In 1828, the state of Georgia passed a series of laws stripping local Cherokee Indians of their rights. The laws also authorized Cherokee removal from lands sought after by the state. In defense, the Cherokee cited treaties that they had negotiated, as an independent "nation," with the United States, guaranteeing the Cherokee nation both the land and independence. After failed negotiations with President Andrew Jackson and Congress, the Cherokee, under the leadership of John Ross, sought an </span>injunction<span> ("order to stop") at the Supreme Court against Georgia to prevent its carrying out these laws. </span>

<span>The Court, in Cherokee Nation v. Georgia, ruled that it lacked jurisdiction to hear the case and could not resolve it. The Court began by sympathizing with the Cherokees' plight, acknowledging that they had been persecuted and marginalized by America's European settlers, then asserted that Indian nations were both "foreign nations" and people within U.S. boundaries. In other words, the Cherokee, though sometimes viewed as an independent nation, were also dependent people on the nation that envelopes them. Thus, the Court asserted that "foreign nations," as used in the Constitution, could not include "Indian nations." Because the Constitution only authorizes the Supreme Court to hear cases brought by "foreign nations," not "Indian nations," the Court was not authorized to entertain this case and dismissed it. Meanwhile, in 1830, Georgia passed another law requiring its citizens to obtain a state license before dwelling inside the Cherokee Nation. A group of missionaries residing there, including Samuel Austin Worcester, refused to obtain such a license. The missionaries were known supporters of Cherokee resistance to Georgia's removal efforts. Worcester and a fellow missionary were indicted by a Georgia court, brought to trial, and convicted. Worcester appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, claiming that the Georgia court lacked authority to convict them. </span>

<span>On review of the case, the Supreme Court in Worcester v. Georgia ruled that because the Cherokee Nation was a separate political entity that could not be regulated by the state, Georgia's license law was unconstitutional and Worcester's conviction should be overturned. The Court first pointed to evidence proving that the Native American communities were conceived of as "separate nations" dating back to the time of early colonial America. The Court then argued that today's "treaties and laws of the United States [also] contemplate the Indian territory as completely separated from that of the states; and provide that all intercourse with them shall be carried on exclusively by the government of the union." Therefore, only the United States can negotiate the terms of Indian lands and the use thereof. States lack constitutional power to deal with such "nations" at all. Thus, Georgia could not pass the license law and convict Worcester for violation of that law. </span>

<span>The Supreme Court's ruling, however, was neither followed by Georgia nor enforced by the U.S. government. President Andrew Jackson, sensitive to Georgia's claims of independence at a time when the states wielded considerable power, had no interest in enforcing the Court's decree. The missionaries remained imprisoned until 1833, when a new Georgia governor negotiated for their release. The Georgia Cherokees themselves were forcibly relocated in 1838, pursuant to a U.S. treaty, to present-day Oklahoma ("the Trail of Tears"). Today, the substantive ruling in Worcester is no longer binding: the Supreme Court holds that, to a certain extent, a state may regulate the Indian territories within its boundaries.</span>
You might be interested in
Why was Russia pulling out of the war significant to Germany?
Nataliya [291]

Explanation:

In December 1917, Germany agreed to an armistice and peace talks with Russia, and Lenin sent Leon Trotsky to Brest-Litovsk in Belarus to negotiate a treaty. The talks broke off after Germany demanded independence for Russian holdings in Eastern Europe, and in February 1918 fighting resumed on the eastern front.

4 0
3 years ago
Need help need help need help !!!!!!!!!!!
Anna11 [10]
Roosevelt’s political experiences before presidency include:

Governor of New York (1929-1932)

Assistant Secretary of the Navy (1913-1920)

New York State Senator (1911-1913)
7 0
3 years ago
What role did Broussard play during the deportation of Acadians?
DerKrebs [107]

Answer:

B & C

Explanation:

He staged mostly peaceful protests to the deportation of Acadians.

He helped organize the deportation and encouraged Acadians to leave Canada.

3 0
3 years ago
What caused the fiords in Scandinavia
svp [43]
The Answer Is Glaciers......During the Ice Age, glaciers covered the Scandinavian Peninsula and Scotland. When the glaciers retreated, they left poor <span>soil, rocky lakes, and many fiords.</span>
6 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Which people were the first to make and use pottery in ga?
Dvinal [7]
The answer is Archaic
7 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • How did ideas of the enlightenment lead to the independence and founding of the united states of america?
    6·1 answer
  • What effect did the supreme court's decision have on dartmouth college?
    5·1 answer
  • What are the central ideas of smith's text,and what is the purpose of his account?
    10·1 answer
  • What effect did the Battle of Midway have on the events of World War II?
    10·2 answers
  • Since barack obama won 51 percent of the popular vote in ohio, he won _____.
    14·2 answers
  • During the great awakening what led to the foundation of several colleges in the new England colonies
    14·1 answer
  • Help me with history thanks
    8·2 answers
  • What was the main role of Kings in the European feudal system in the Middle Ages
    8·2 answers
  • What major 1962 event is considered the height of the cold war?
    9·1 answer
  • Why were the migrations of Bantu speakers so extensive and successful?
    5·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!