Question

How is the protein created from the mRNA sequence which reads AUGAUAGUGUAG different from the protein created from one that reads AUGAUAGUGUAC?

Answer 1

Answer:

The protein produced by first mRNA will be shorter than the one produced by second mRNA.

Explanation:

A codon is a triplet of nucleotides i.e. a combination of three nucleotides is considered as a codon. Each codon specify a particular amino acid. But there are three stop codons UAA, UAG, UGA which do not specify any amino acid and lead to the termination of translation (protein synthesis). AUG is start codon which species an amino acid named as methionine.

The amino acid sequence for both of these mRNAs will be as follows:

AUGAUAGUGUAG -> methionine - isoleucine - valine

AUGAUAGUGUAC -> methionine - isoleucine - valine - tyrosine

So a protein synthesized by first mRNA has only 3 amino acids whereas  a protein synthesized by second mRNA has 4 amino acids. It means protein from first mRNA  is shorter than protein from second mRNA by one amino acid.

Answer 2

MRNa's are composed of codons. Codons are a sequence of three nucleotides that come together to be transcribed by an anti-codon to form units for genetic coding. For example, AUG is a codon and upon transcribing becomes the protein Methionine. In this case, they differ in the terminal codon. UAG is a stop codon while UAC is Tyrosine. The first sequence is complete,while the other one is not.