Answer: (c) It generates ATP, which cells can use to do work.
(d) It generates chemical gradients, which have potential energy.
Explanation:
The overall process of Cellular respiration is the aerobic break down of organic compounds (food) with the release of CO2, water and energy in form of ATP which drives most cellular work.
Organic compound + oxygen --------> carbon dioxide + water + energy (ATP + heat)
In cellular respiration during the break down of food in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, chemical energy (NADH and FADH) are extracted from each cellular process and transported to the electron transport chain built in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The chemical energy harvested from food is transformed into a proton-motive force, a gradient of H+ across the membrane. When this H+ election fall from their gradient via ATP synthase, Chemiosmosis couples this proton motive force to phosphorylate ADP to form ATP.
The answer is independent and dependent. I hope this helps! I'm sorry if I'm wrong.
C.
It is hard for soil to become fertile when it can not get water from the rain, and high temperatures would cause any water the soil does get to evaporate.
The catalyst is consumed by the reaction, so none remains at the end of the reaction, good luck
