Australia uses alot of forms of voting for most of all elections. voters are the number the candidates on the ballot paper in the order of their preference.
THe final two amendments to the bill of rights are the limits to power for the Federal government and outlines states rights.
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I believe it was when small and large States decided to have an upper and Lower house. the lower house, house of rep, was to have the number of rep. be based on population. while the upper house, the senate, was made to give all states an equal representation in the government. this being based on statehood ,which earned two senators, and did not take population into account into choosing the number of senators.