Question

Write a program that lets the user enter the total rainfall for each of 12 months (starting with January) into an array of doubles. The program should calculate and display (in this order):
the total rainfall for the year,
the average monthly rainfall,
and the months with the highest and lowest amounts.

Months should be expressed as English names for months in the Gregorian calendar, i.e.: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December.

Input Validation: Do not accept negative numbers for monthly rainfall figures. When a negative value is entered, the program outputs "invalid data (negative rainfall) -- retry" and attempts to reread the value.

Prompts And Output Labels: Decimal values should be displayed using default precision, i.e. do not specify precision. Each item read should be prompted for by a string of the form "Enter rainfall for MONTH:" where MONTH is "January" or "February" or ... or "December". The output should be of the form:

Answer 1

Answer:

The C++ code is given below with appropriate comments

Explanation:

#include "stdafx.h"

//Header file section

#include <iostream>

#include <iomanip>

#include <string>

using namespace std;

//Function prototypes

double rainfallTotal(double[], int);

double averageMonthlyRainfall(double[], int);

double highestAmountRainfall(double[], int, int &);

double lowestAmountRainfall(double[], int, int &);

int main()

{

//Initialize variables

const int ALL_MONTHS = 12;

int highIndex = 0;

int lowIndex = 0;

//Declare variables

double totalRf;

double averageRf;

double mostRf;

double leastRf;

double monthlyRf[ALL_MONTHS];

string monthName[ALL_MONTHS] = { "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December" };

for (int i = 0; i < ALL_MONTHS; i++)

{

 cout << "Enter rainfall for " << monthName[i] << ": ";

 cin >> monthlyRf[i];

 // Check the input as negative numbers

 //for monthly rainfall

 while (monthlyRf[i] < 0)

 {

  cout << "Invalid data (negative rainfall) " << endl;

  cout << "Retry the rainfall in " << monthName[i] << ": ";

  cin >> monthlyRf[i];

 }

}

//Call the methods

totalRf = rainfallTotal(monthlyRf, ALL_MONTHS);

averageRf = averageMonthlyRainfall(monthlyRf, ALL_MONTHS);

mostRf = highestAmountRainfall(monthlyRf, ALL_MONTHS, highIndex);

leastRf = lowestAmountRainfall(monthlyRf, ALL_MONTHS, lowIndex);

//Display output

cout << fixed << showpoint << setprecision(2) << endl;

cout << "Total rainfall: " << totalRf << endl;

cout << "Average rainfall: " << averageRf << endl;

cout << "Least rainfall in " << monthName[lowIndex] <<endl;

cout << "Most rainfall in " << monthName[highIndex] <<endl;

system("pause");

return 0;

}

//Method definition of rainfallTotal

double rainfallTotal(double totalRainfall[], int n)

{

double total = 0;

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)

 total += totalRainfall[i];

return total;

}

//Method definition of averageMonthlyRainfall

double averageMonthlyRainfall(double totalRainfall[], int n)

{

double average = 0.0;

double total = 0;

for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)

 total += totalRainfall[i];

average = total / n;

return average;

}

//Method definition of lowestAmountRainfall

double lowestAmountRainfall(double totalRainfall[], int n, int &monthIndex)

{

double least;

int i = 0;

least = totalRainfall[i];

while (i < n)

{

 if (totalRainfall[i] < least)

 {

  least = totalRainfall[i];

  monthIndex = i;

 }

 i++;

}

return least;

}

//Method definition of highestAmountRainfall

double highestAmountRainfall(double totalRainfall[], int n, int &monthIndex)

{

double high;

int i = 0;

high = totalRainfall[i];

while (i < n)

{

 if (totalRainfall[i] > high)

 {

  high = totalRainfall[i];

  monthIndex = i;

 }

 i++;

}

return high;

}