Answer:
DNA vaccines consist of DNA vectors or plasmids (small double-stranded DNA rings originally derived from bacteria, but unable to cause infection) into which the genes encoding one or more immunizing proteins of the infectious agent have been inserted causing the disease to be prevented.
Explanation:
Vectors are the functional unit of naked DNA vaccines. Genes that encode the proteins of interest and are of bacterial origin are inserted into these vectors. Bacterial plasmids are circular DNA molecules that self-replicate extrachromosomally in bacteria. The genes encoded in these plasmids are under the control of promoters, almost always of viral origin. When a plasmid is introduced into the cell it translocates to the nucleus, where transcription of the transgene begins; the transcripts are then taken to the cytoplasm and translated there. The newly synthesized proteins are degraded in the proteasome to 8-10 amino acid peptides, which are transported to the endoplasmic reticulum. Peptides of high affinity with their respective MHC I molecule stabilize and enter the secretory pathway, thus reaching the cell surface, where they are coupled with the T-lymphocyte receptor (TcR) present on the surface of T lymphocytes cytotoxic drugs (CD8 +) to induce their activation.
Hey there Ashley Gonzales1137,
Answer:
Adrenal Cortex
Hope this helps :D
<em>~Danielle♥</em>
Endocytosis carry substances into the cells, and exocytosis is what the cell rejects.
Gary would perform the duty of <u>handwriting analysis</u> in civil justice more often than what he does as a criminal forensic scientist.
Gary is a police officer who is also a forensic scientist, working in the criminal justice system. This means he collects, analyzes fingerprints, examining blood spatter all to have evidence against a criminal. Know, he works in the criminal justice system meaning the government, which could be government law enforcers would need those evidence against an accused individual at a federal or state criminal court. On the other hand, in a civil justice system, citizens can bring lawsuits against one another.
Now he would like to work for the civil justice system, and for his experience as a criminal forensic scientist, he would fit handwriting analysis since handwriting analysis is also a forensic practice done for the purpose of providing evidence in court. But this time he would be assessing the identity of a person from their written documents where there are differences between writing samples instead of processing fingerprints.
In summary, Gary would perform the duty of handwriting analysis in civil justice systems assessing the identity of a person from their written documents.
Learn more about handwriting analysis here: brainly.com/question/3084230
Answer:
We can see some of the most important patterns Darwin noticed in distribution of organisms by looking at his observations of the Galápagos Islands off the coast of Ecuador. Darwin found that nearby islands in the Galápagos had similar but nonidentical species of finches living on them.
