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3 years ago

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5. An attacker swings a board with a mass of 2 kg toward a victim. The acceleration is 10 m/s2 when the board hits the victim. H

ow much force did the board exert on the victim? Obj. 7.2

1 answer:

suter [353]3 years ago

6 0

The force exerted on victim is 20 newton

<em><u>Solution:</u></em>

An attacker swings a board with a mass of 2 kg toward a victim

The acceleration is 10 $m/s^2$ when the board hits the victim

To find: Force exerted on victim

<em><u>The force is given by formula:</u></em>

$F = mass \times acceleration$

From given,

$mass = 2 \text{ kg }\\\\Acceleration = 10$ $m/s^2$

<em><u>Substituting the values in formula,</u></em>

$Force = 2 \times 10 = 20$

Thus force exerted on victim is 20 newton

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Our faucet is broken, and a plumber has been called. The arrival time of the plumber is uniformly distributed between 1pm and 7p

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$E(A+B) = E(A)+E(B)=4+0.5 =4.5 hours$

$Var(A+B)= Var(A)+Var(B)=3+0.25 hours^2=3.25 hours^2$

Step-by-step explanation:

Let A the random variable that represent "The arrival time of the plumber ". And we know that the distribution of A is given by:

$A\sim Uniform(1 ,7)$

And let B the random variable that represent "The time required to fix the broken faucet". And we know the distribution of B, given by:

$B\sim Exp(\lambda=\frac{1}{30 min})$

Supposing that the two times are independent, find the expected value and the variance of the time at which the plumber completes the project.

So we are interested on the expected value of A+B, like this

$E(A +B)$

Since the two random variables are assumed independent, then we have this

$E(A+B) = E(A)+E(B)$

So we can find the individual expected values for each distribution and then we can add it.

For ths uniform distribution the expected value is given by $E(X) =\frac{a+b}{2}$ where X is the random variable, and a,b represent the limits for the distribution. If we apply this for our case we got:

$E(A)=\frac{1+7}{2}=4 hours$

The expected value for the exponential distirbution is given by :

$E(X)= \int_{0}^\infty x \lambda e^{-\lambda x} dx$

If we use the substitution $y=\lambda x$ we have this:

$E(X)=\frac{1}{\lambda} \int_{0}^\infty y e^{-\lambda y} dy =\frac{1}{\lambda}$

Where X represent the random variable and $\lambda$ the parameter. If we apply this formula to our case we got:

$E(B) =\frac{1}{\lambda}=\frac{1}{\frac{1}{30}}=30min$

We can convert this into hours and we got E(B) =0.5 hours, and then we can find:

$E(A+B) = E(A)+E(B)=4+0.5 =4.5 hours$

And in order to find the variance for the random variable A+B we can find the individual variances:

$Var(A)= \frac{(b-a)^2}{12}=\frac{(7-1)^2}{12}=3 hours^2$

$Var(B) =\frac{1}{\lambda^2}=\frac{1}{(\frac{1}{30})^2}=900 min^2 x\frac{1hr^2}{3600 min^2}=0.25 hours^2$

We have the following property:

$Var(X+Y)= Var(X)+Var(Y) +2 Cov(X,Y)$

Since we have independnet variable the Cov(A,B)=0, so then:

$Var(A+B)= Var(A)+Var(B)=3+0.25 hours^2=3.25 hours^2$

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