Answer:
Frequency of individuals with recessive trait(dd)
%
Explanation:
Please see the attached.
In the image it is clear that there are total 
mouse out of which 
are dark colored.
Since dark color allele is dominant, these dark colored mouse will have genotype either DD or Dd
The individuals with genotype "dd" will be of light color.
Number of light colored mouse 
Frequency of individuals with recessive trait(dd)
%
Genetic variation describes naturally occurring genetic differences among individuals of the same species. This variation permits flexibility and survival of a population in the face of changing environmental circumstances. Consequently, genetic variation is often considered an advantage, as it is a form of preparation for the unexpected.
B.
<span>A decrease in plant life would cause carbon dioxide levels to increase and oxygen levels to decrease.</span>
The presence of mineral surface for the amino acid to adhere to may have aided the polymerization of amino acids into peptides in the oceans of early prebiotic earth.
Amino acids are the building bocks of protein. The structure of an amino acid comprises of a carboxylic group, an amino group, a hydrogen atom and a variable R-group attached to the same alpha-carbon atom. There are 22 types of amino acids involved in the formation of proteins.
Prebiotic earth refers to the Earth that existed before the origin of life. The environment of earth was completely different from now. The temperature was extremely hot with no oxygen, abundant of water bodies and ionizing radiations from the space.
To know more about prebiotic earth, here
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Answer:
p53 helps the cells from passing on mutations that lead to DNA damage. Hence, it is known as the guardian angel of the cell as it helps fight against cancer. However, if p53 becomes defective or missing, then the mutations will lead to cancer.
Mutations in the p53 can also cause the tumor-suppressing genes to convert into tumor causing genes. Hence, mutations in such kind of genes can be very harmful for the body.
