Answer:
addition to the external medium.
Genearlly, potassium is an intracellualr ion, therefore there is higher concentration of potasium ions with its positive charges inside than outside.In addition potassium ion has many leaking potassium channels in the cell membrane,which permit K+ to escape down the gradient to the extracellular medium.
Therefore when KCl is added to the external medium of a resting neuron, the concentration of external K+ increase than intracellular medium, preventing K+ from diffusing out to the external medium, retaining their positive charges, therefore favouring depolarization of the neuron.This decreases the RMP, leading to depolarization.
If the KCl is reduced, less k+ are available outside compare to the inner medium.Therefore electrochemical gradients is sets up for leaking of K+out of the intracellular layers, caring the positive charges along, leaving the inside more negative (together with the negative charges of the anions of the intracellular layer). This is reversal of charges.And it increases the RMP.
Explanation:
Answer:
Acetylcholine
Explanation:
Acetylcholine is an organic chemical that functions in the brain and body of many types of animals and humans as a neurotransmitter.
Blood needs to flow faster around the body in order to supply the muscles with oxygen for respiration
Answer:
D. there is less structural carbohydrate.
Explanation:
Most bacterial cells have a cell wall located outside the plasma membrane, formed by peptideoglycan or murein, which provides protection and shape to the cell. In addition to the wall, some bacteria have a polysaccharide capsule that surrounds this structure, this capsule is a carbohydrate envelope that can allow more or less flexibility to the bacterial cell. The more structural carbohydrates the polysaccharide capsule has the less flexible the bacteria will be. Thus, we can say that if E. coli has the most flexible cell envelope, compared to the envelope of other bacteria, it is because there is less structural carbohydrate in the E. coli envelope.
Answer:
How physiological mechanisms serve as the basis for hunger
Explanation:
Physiological mechanisms are able to provide explanations to body functions, events and outcomes. Such mechanisms could be altered voluntarily when there's the need to. Hunger is on example of such. When a person is hungry the muscles of the stomach contracts and messages are sent to the brain. This process is what tells the person thaat he needs to feed.
