Answer:
A frameshift changes every codon past it. A base substitution only changes one codon.
Explanation:
DNA is comprised of nucleotides (A, C, T, G) that make up amino acids. Every three bases is called a codon and represents an amino acid.
In a frameshift mutation, a nucleotide is either added or deleted from the sequence. This offsets the entire sequence after it because the reading frame shifts. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
If another T is added in between the first and second codons, then every codon after will be changed.
ACT>T<GCTATCGTCATC
A substitution mutation is usually less severe, as it only alters one codon in the sequence. These occur when one nucleotide is replaced by another one. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
Let's say the first G is replaced by a T.
ACT>T<CTATCGTCATC
As you can see, none of the other codons changed.
Typically, a frameshift mutation is considered worse than a substitution mutation.
Answer:
The larva stage of skilworm is a worm-like creature that emerges from the egg, the first life stage. And the pupa stage of silkworm is the sedentary, transformative form following the larval stage
Endocrine signaling is hormone based signaling that travels through the blood stream. Many of the sensors and integrating sensors of the endocrine system are located in the brain. The brain barrier contributes to endocrine signalling, such that the brain barrier does not factor in with endocrine signalling. The answer is A
Lit is located between the
left ventricle and left atrium.Left atrium is known to be one of the four chambers of heart
that receives oxygenated blood from the right and left pulmonary veins. This blood
is pumps to the left ventricle through the mitral valve. However, left
ventricle is responsible for pushing oxygenated blood through the aorta to the rest
of the body.
