In economics, a factor of production, resource, or input is what is used in a production process to produce products, i.e. goods or services.
The amounts of various inputs used determine the amount of output according to a relationship known as the production function. The relationship between the inputs a firm uses and the maximum output it can produce with those inputs is called the firm's production function. Factors of production are outputs or inputs used to produce goods and services. They are the resources a business needs to make a profit by producing goods and services. Factors of production fall into four categories: Land, Labor, Capital, Entrepreneurship.
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The standard deviation of sample equals: 11
Explanation:
Given:
variance of sample (
) = 121
no, of observations made = 441
standard deviation = ?
By using the formula:
Standard deviation (S) = 
= 
= 
= 11
Hence the standard deviation is equal to 11.
Answer:
Exclusive distribution; Selective distribution; Intensive distribution
Explanation:
Exclusive distribution refers to the phenomenon where only certain retailers are given the opportunity to carry the product in their retailer shops. For example as in the above case, only one store is exclusively chosen.
Selective distribution is that retailers are carefully selected to engage in the product of selling. For example only a few stores are engaged with in the above question.
Intensive distribution is when all kind of retailers are given the opportunity to keep the products in their shops. For example the last phase described in the question where all sorts of retailers are engaged in selling activity.
Answer:
In the centralized organizations which mostly includes banks, army corporations, etc because in these organisation the policies are set by the top management and the lower level management have to follow their instructions. I remember when the japanese Cheif Executive was appointed as the CEO of Sony America the whole of the workers went to strike against him because his attitude was centralised oriented organization which he was used to in Japan and in America people love to work in decentralized organisation. So basically in centralised organisation, lower management are delivered less responsibilities regarding making decisions. They are only accountable for doing the job according to the top management.
