Factor the problem first. So for number one, take out a seven to make it 7(x+4) and factor by subtraction of square roots on the bottom to make it (x-4)(x+4) Then, because there are factors of (x+4) on the top and bottom, cancel them out to make it 7/(x-4)
Im guessing restrictions are the values x cannot be. So you take the denominator factors of (x+4)(x-4) and set them equal to zero. x+4=0 and x-4=0.
