I would choose c because it makes the most sense rather then the rest
Method A: If we count, we see that the answer is 31.
Method B: 19 - -12 = 31. We can even do -12 - 19 and we'll get the same answer: -31, and the absolute value of -31 is 31.
Both methods will give you the same answer.
I believe it’s A because if you notice the rate of population grow was in the 20,000s for the US in the 1840s, while NC was hitting 600 free people at that time.