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jenyasd209 [6]
3 years ago
12

The three stages of information processing in animals include ________.

Biology
1 answer:
Tamiku [17]3 years ago
6 0

Answer and Explanation:

The three stages of information processing in animals include;

a)sensory input

b)integration

c)motor output

The neurons responsible for integration are located in the central nervous system (CNS) of most animals.

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2. Dominant trait: cleft chin (C) Mother’s gametes: Cc
andre [41]

.2. Offspring Genotypes will be Cc or cc.

     Offspring phenotypes : Cleft chin or no cleft chin.

    % chance child will have cleft chin: 50%

3.  % chance child will have arched feet: 25%

4.  % chance child will have blonde hair:  50%

5.  % chance child will have normal vision: 25%

 

Explanation:

CASE 1 :

 Dominant trait: cleft chin (C)

    Recessive trait: lacks cleft chin (c)

    Father’s gametes: cc

    Mother’s gametes: Cc

There are two possible combination of Gametes ,

C fom mother and  c from father= Cc

c from mother and c from father = cc

Gametes of Cc Parents=  \frac{1}{2}C + \frac{1}{2} c........(i)

Gametes of cc parents =<u> </u>\frac{1}{2}c + \frac{1}{2}c .........(ii)

Combining (i) and (ii) we get,

\frac{1}{2}  Cc + \frac{1}{2} cc                              

There fore offspring Genotypes will be Cc or cc

Offspring phenotypes :

Genotype Cc then phenotype= Cleft chin

Genotype cc then phenotype = Lacks cleft chin.

percentage chance child will have cleft chin  =\frac{0.5}{1} ×100

Therefore the chance is 50%.

CASE 2 :

Dominant trait: flat feet (A)

Recessive trait: arched feet (a)

Mother’s gametes: Heterozygous (Aa)

Father’s gametes: Heterozygous   (Aa)

There are four possible combination of genotypes are =AA , Aa, Aa and aa

i.e. A from mother, A from father= AA

     A from mother, a from father =Aa

     a from mother, A from Father = Aa

     a from mother, a from father = aa

Gametes of Aa parent =\frac{1}{2} A + \frac{1}{2} a

Gametes of other Aa parent = \frac{1}{2} A + \frac{1}{2} a

                                       <u>..................................................................................</u>

                                              \frac{1}{4} AA + \frac{1}{4} Aa

                                                                           +  \frac{1}{4} Aa +\frac{1}{4} aa

                                   <u>..........................................................................................</u>

                                <u>\frac{1}{4}AA + \frac{1}{2}Aa +\frac{1}{4} aa</u>

Offspring Genotypes will be: AA or Aa or aa

Offsprings phenotype will be:

Genotype AA then phenotype will be Flat feet

Genotype Aa then phenotype will be flat feet

Genotype aa then Phenotype will be arched feet.

Percentage chance child will have arched feet = \frac{0.25}{1} × 100 = 25%

CASE 3:

Dominant trait: Brown hair (B)

Recessive trait: Blonde hair (b)

Mother’s gametes: Homozygous recessive  (bb)

Father’s gametes: Heterozygous  (Bb)

This case is very similar to the case 1 as one parent is homozygous recessive and other parent is heterozygous.

Resulting in  half  Bb and halve bb combination.

Genotypes will be Bb or bb

Phenotypes will be :

Genotype Bb then phenotype Brown hair

Phenotype bb then Phenotype bb.

% chance child will have blonde hair: 50%

CASE 4:

Dominant trait: farsightedness (F)

Recessive trait: normal vision (f)

Mother’s gametes: Heterozygous  (Ff)

Father’s gametes: Heterozygous  (Ff)

This Case is similar to case 2

it will result in one-fourth FF , half Ff and one-fouth ff combination.

Therefore Genotypes will be: FF, Ff and ff

Phenotypes:

Genotype FF  then phenotype farsightedness

Genotype Ff then phenotype  farsightedness

Genotype ff then phenotype normal vision.

% chance child will have normal vision: 25%

 

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Ethylene is an organic compound produced by ripening fruits. In a controlled experiment, researchers found that ethylene gas sti
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Answer:

<h2>Ethylene is a gaseous hormone in plants, it is a fruit ripening hormone.</h2>

Explanation:

Ethylene is a chemical signal through which ripening fruits trigger the ripening process in fruits, Studies on components of ethylene signaling have shown a linear transduction pathway leading to the activation of ethylene response factors. However, the whole pathway by which ethylene selects the ripening-related genes and interacts with other signaling pathways to regulate the ripening process still not yet fully known. Most fruits produce ethylene that starts the ripening process. Its level in under-ripe fruit is very low, but as fruit develop, the production of ethylene become larger that speed up the ripening process of fruit.

4 0
3 years ago
A scientist wants to begin making a DNA fingerprint, but she has only a very small DNA sample. What should her next step be
azamat

For obtaining an adequate amount of DNA samples for DNA fingerprinting, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can be used.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique that is used to amplify the DNA sample. The steps included in PCR are:-

1. Denaturation of the double-stranded DNA (at around 95°C)

2. Annealing of the primers to each of the single-stranded DNA templates ( at around 65°C)

3. Extension or elongation of the primers by considering every single-stranded DNA as a template. This elongation is carried out by <em>Taq </em>polymerase (at around 72°C).

With each cycle of PCR, the DNA sample is increased by 2ⁿ. Here, 'n' represents the number of PCR cycles.

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Learn more about polymerase chain reaction here: -

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Where would you go to find black smokers
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Answer:

idk where would you go

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