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nirvana33 [79]
3 years ago
5

What is the specific heat of an object that weighs 15 grams and changes temperature from 30°C to 37°C when 50 J of heat is added

?
1. 0.48 J/g •°C
2. 0.11 J/g •°C
3. 23.33 J/g •°C
4. 0.09 J/g •°C
Chemistry
1 answer:
Scorpion4ik [409]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

0.4762 J/g°C.

Explanation:

  • It is known that:

<em>The amount of heat released to water = Q = m.c.ΔT.</em>

where, m is the mass of water (m = 15.0 g).

c is the specific heat capacity of water = ??? J/g°C.

ΔT is the temperature difference = (final T - initial T = 37.0°C - 30.0°C = 7.0°C).

<em>∴ The specific heat capacity of water = c = Q/m.ΔT</em> = (50.0 J)/(15.0 g)(7.0°C) = <em>0.4762 J/g°C.</em>

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1) Content of Ca (2+) ions

Calcium chloride = CaCl2

Ionization equation: CaCl2 ---> Ca (2+) + 2 Cl (-)

=> Molar ratios: 1 mol of CaCl2 : 1 mol Ca(2+) : 2 mol Cl(-)

Calculate the number of moles of CaCl2 in 1.5 liters of 5.5 * 10^-2 M solution

M = n / V => n = M*V = 5.5 * 10^ -2 M * 1.5 l = 0.0825 mol CaCl2

=> 0.0825 mol Ca(2+)

2) Number of phosphate ions needed to react with 0.0825 mol Ca(2+)

formula of phospahte ion: PO4 (3-)

molar ratio: 2PO4(3-) + 3Ca(2+) = Ca3 (PO4)2

Proportion: 2 mol PO4(3-) / 3 mol Ca(2+) = x / 0.0825 mol Ca(2+)

=> x = 0.0825 coml Ca(2+) * 2 mol PO4(3-) / 3 mol Ca(2+) = 0.055 mol PO4(3-)

3) Content of Mg(2+) ions

Ionization equation: Mg (NO3)2 ----> Mg(2+) + 2 NO3 (-)

Molar ratios: 1 mol Mg(NO3)2 : 1 mol Mg(2+) + 2 mol NO3(-)

number of moles of Mg(NO3)2 in 1.5 liter of 8.0 * 10^-2 M solution

n = M * V = 8.0 * 10^ -2 M * 1.5 liter = 0.12 moles Mg(NO3)2

ions of Mg(2+) = 0.12 mol Mg(NO3)2 * 1 mol Mg(2+) / mol Mg(NO3)2 = 0.12 mol Mg(2+)

4) Number of phosphate ions needed to react with 0.12 mol Mg(2+)

2PO4(3-) + 3Mg(2+) = Mg3(PO4)2

=> 2 mol PO4(3-) / 3 mol Mg(2+) = x / 0.12 mol Mg(2+)

=> x = 0.12 * 2/3 mol PO4(3-) = 0.16 mol PO4(3-)

5) Total number of moles of PO4(3-)

0.055 mol + 0.16 mol = 0.215 mol

6) Sodium phosphate

Sodium phosphate = Na3(PO4)

Na3PO4 ---> 3Na(+) + PO4(3-)

=> 1 mol Na3PO4 : 1 mol PO4(3-)

=> 0.215 mol PO4(3-) : 0.215 mol Na3PO4

mass in grams = number of moles * molar mass

molar mass of Na3 PO4 = 3*23 g/mol + 31 g/mol + 4*16 g/mol = 164 g/mol

=> mass in grams = 0.215 mol * 164 g/mol = 35.26 g

Answer: 35.26 g of sodium phosphate
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