I believe it is B) Weather experts miscalculated the storm. The Miami hurricane developed pretty quickly going from a tropical storm to a category 4 storm in less than 24 hours.
Answer: "The painting serves as an allegory for Manifest Destiny and American westward expansion. ... The figure of Progress is ushering an era of modernization, development, and advancement to the West, which in the painting is portrayed as a dark and savage place, especially when compared to the eastern side of the painting."
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The primary disagreement between the Roman Catholic and the Orthodox churches in the 11th century stemmed from "(B) Whether priests and bishops should be church leaders", since the main issue was over the power of the Pope.