N an experiment the "control" is the group of people or object this is used to measure the effect of the variable. The "control" is the thing that does not change and is not the thing in question.
In an experiment the "variable" is the thing which is changed and manipulated by the experimenter. It is the effect of something,
Example: You want to test a drug. you get a group of 40 people. 20 people are given the pill, 20 people are not given the pill but a sugar pill. the people who have the pill is the "variable" and the people who dont have the pill is the "control".
The first living things on Earth, single-celled micro-organisms<span> or microbes lacking a cell nucleus or cell membrane known as prokaryotes, seem to have </span>first<span> appeared on </span>Earth<span> almost four billion years ago, just a few hundred million years after the formation of the </span>Earth<span> itself.</span>
Answer:
1. Signaling molecule
2. Signaling receptors
Explanation:
Hormones, growth factors, neurotransmitters, etc. serve the function of signaling molecules for cells. These molecules are released by one cell and bind to the receptors present on/in the target cells to elicit the desired response. Thereby, the signaling molecules serve in cell-cell communication.
For example, insulin hormone synthesized and released from beta cells of pancreas binds to its cell surface receptors present on the surfaces of liver cells and muscle cells to stimulate the uptake of the glucose from the blood.
Likewise, neurotransmitters released from the presynaptic neuron bind to receptors present on the membrane of postsynaptic neuron and serve to carry the nerve impulse to the postsynaptic neuron.
