The answer is B. In the Miranda Rights that was set up by the Supreme Court you’re entitled to legal representation in court and it’s up to the states to establish a public defender’s office since cases are heard in courts that are either city or state. Gideon’s case set a precedence for future case law...his case sets the standard for when this particular situation arises and it cannot be contested.
Answer: It is a social institution
Explanation:
The cultural pattern would be their ethnicity.
Due to the influence of soviet union, these countries develop a sense of nationalism that view their nation as 'superior' compared to other nations.
This makes these nations developed a tendency to maintain their own race and heritage, leading to the rise of a homogeneous society.