Iron is a vitally important element that is required for oxygen transport as a component of hemoglobin. Haemoglobin is composed of two components; heme and globin chain. Heme is further composed of two component; iron and porphyrin ring and globin is a protein chain. Heme part of the hemoglobin helps in binding oxygen component whereas globin chain helps in transport because it is soluble in body fluid. When heme group breaks down it release iron and phosphorus in the body fluid. Iron is obtained from dietary source.

The naturally occurring iron is formed in two forms; heme and non heme iron in food that are handled and absorbed by the human cell differently. Heme iron is a kind of iron present in muscle tissue and blood. The source of heme iron is meat, seafood, poultry and fish. It is generally present in the form of animal protein. Non heme protein is a plant as well as animal based iron. They are present in beans, grain, vegetables, fruits, seed, nuts, egg and milk. Heme iron is absorbed more easily in human body than non heme iron.

Biologically available heme can be calculated by the formula given below.

$\text{Biologically available}=\dfrac{\text{dietary intake}\times\text{absorption}}{100}$

The concentration of heme iron can be calculated by,

$\begin{aligned}{\text{Heme iron}}&=\frac{{3.3 \times 15}}{{100}}\\&=0.49{\text{ mg}}\end{aligned}$

Calculate the non heme concentration by,

$\begin{aligned}{\text{Non - heme iron}}&=\frac{{17.5\times5}}{{100}}\\&=0.875{\text{ mg}}\end{aligned}$

Total concentration of iron,

$\begin{aligned}{\text{Total iron}}&=0.49+0.875\\&=1.37{\text{ mg}}\end{aligned}$

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Subjects: Biology

Topic: Dietary Iron

Keywords:

Heme, non heme, iron oxygen, hemoglobin, porphyrin, phosphorus, muscle, tissue, beans, grain, vegetables.

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