Hi!
The generic equation showing how a weak base ionizes water is the following:
B(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇄ BH⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq)
A base is described as weak when its dissociation is difficult and isn't complete. Weak Bases are chemical compounds that accept protons from water, to form the conjugate acid and the OH⁻ ion. The pH of the solution of a weak base is higher than 7. Some weak bases include ammonia (NH₃), Aluminum Hydroxide (Al(OH)₃) and Sodium Acetate (CH₃COONa).
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A. We can calculate the initial concentrations of each by
the formula:
initial concentration ci = initial volume * initial
concentration / total mixture volume
where,
total mixture volume = 10 mL + 20 mL + 10 mL + 10 mL = 50
mL
ci (acetone) = 10 mL * 4.0 M / 50 mL = 0.8 M
ci (H+) = 20 mL * 1.0 M / 50 mL = 0.4 M (note: there is only 1 H+ per
1 HCl)
ci (I2) = 10 mL * 0.0050 M / 50 mL = 0.001 M
B. The rate of reaction is determined to be complete when
all of I2 is consumed. This is signified by complete disappearance of I2 color
in the solution. The rate therefore is:
rate of reaction = 0.001 M / 120 seconds
rate of reaction = 8.33 x 10^-6 M / s
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