Question

Picture included!

Answer 1

By looking at the point 1,1 and 0,3 you rise two and over one creating the ratio 2/1 which reduces down to 2 
:D

Answer 2

So, notice in the picture, let's use those points of 0,3 and 1,1

$\bf \begin{array}{ccccccccc} &&x_1&&y_1&&x_2&&y_2\\ % (a,b) &&(~ 0 &,& 3~) % (c,d) &&(~ 1 &,& 1~) \end{array} \\\\\\ % slope = m slope = m\implies \cfrac{\stackrel{rise}{ y_2- y_1}}{\stackrel{run}{ x_2- x_1}}\implies \cfrac{1-3}{1-0}\implies \cfrac{-2}{1}\implies -2$