I assume you mean ancient times. In the early times of human civilization other centers of civilization in this area were the Persians. Additionally, on the shores of the Mediterranean the Phoenicians were developing their culture.
Answer:
The answer is d) approach-approach.
Explanation:
An approach-approach conflict is described as a dilemma in which a person must choose between two pleasant or desirable situations. Although the two options are equally attractive, the pressure to decide for just one may lead to high levels of stress, especially in more severe decisions such as choosing a career for university.
This is one of the letter from mahatma Gandhi
It sought to elaborate the means that he intended to wrestle power from the British Raj in India. Mahatma Gandhi championed peaceful means such as civil disobedience.
A major purpose of foreign policy is diplomacy which would also be securing friendly relations with other countries. Hope this helps!