the Dawes Act is the treatment of Native Americans as individuals rather than as members of tribes.
Publius claims that citizen "safety" is the first task of all governments. That safety would most likely be threatened by wars with foreign powers or by conflicts between two or among more of the thirteen states. Whether either might occur because of "real or pretended" causes, or because certain circumstances might arise that "provoke or invite them," a single nation composed of all the former colonies was the most likely successfully to meet such challenges. Publius explains that only the population of a single "united states" could provide the a broad enough base from which competent diplomats might be recruited--skills essential to resolving conflicts between nations or states by measures short of physical force. Similarly, a single interpretation from one union of states would be much preferable to several interpretations from various confederacies and certainly far superior to thirteen. Lastly, since smaller states naturally seek to align themselves with strong foreign powers in an effort to discourage larger neighbors from coveting their territory or resources, one union would eliminate still another frequent source of war. War, Publius observes, unfortunately is related to human nature, and nations wage war whenever there is something to be gained.5
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African culture has had large contributions to our nowadays society. Its high culture is the basis to many different cultural venues in the western world. Beginning by music, African influence has an important role in the spiritual / religious realm of America; as it blended its traditional chants held in African rituals into Protestanism meetings, it had an important repercussion in the gospels and gave structure to the singing tradition in the Christian community. But besides that, its contribution in the secular world is even greater. Its rhythmic patterns and beats became the basis to many forms of western music such as Jazz, Hip Hop, Rock & Roll, and House, as they originate in Soul, Funk and Blues music coming directly from African music expression.
Their sculptures have also been the pillar for the development of Modern and Contemporary art as their sophisticated approach to the abstraction of the human figure have been the inspiration for Surrealism, Cubism and, in general, the development of Avant-Garde movement, found in the artworks of Picasso, Henri Matisse, and wilfredo Lam.
Their folk tales have nowadays taken the shape of social satire in the U.S., and their dance compose the basis to many contemporary dances. It is good to notice that African heritage nowadays find place in the development of concepts in the areas of Mathematics, Science, Astronomy, Literature, among others.
Billie Holiday had a hit record with the song "Strange Fruit,"
